| Descriptive Attribute | Value(s) |
|---|---|
| Type | Warriors, Horses, and Chariots |
| Title | Chariot Model Group |
| Excavation Unit | 18 & 18 & 88 |
| Stratigraphic Unit | 1805 & 1822 & 8841 |
| Context | The chariot box fragment (AAP-AM-1218) and one passenger (AAP-AM-2007) were found in a disturbed context, within a modern looter’s pit (EU 18/SU 1805 and SU 88/SU 8841). The charioteer (AAP-AM-1459) was found in the construction fill of the hard-packed floor layer associated with the Hellenistic-Roman phase of the sanctuary (EU 18/SU 1822). |
| Current Location | Kallinikeio Municipal Museum of Athienou, Cyprus |
| Material | Terracotta |
| Height (cm) | 14.92 |
| Width (cm) | 7.315 |
| Date | 600 – 480 BCE |
| Thickness (cm) | 12.02 |
| Weight (kg) | 0.283 |
| Description | Fragmentary handmade chariot model including chariot box with pedestaled, cylindrical base and three passengers (two now joined to the chariot box floor, only the base remains of the third). The box is missing the front and proper right guards; the base is broken on all sides. The chariot box is roughly square with a curved front guard and open at the rear with a projecting floor. Added clay at the lower rear corners of the box likely indicates attachment points for wheels; a possible trace of the rounded edge of a wheel is visible high on the proper left guard. An attachment break at front left is likely for a yoke pole. A charioteer figurine is attached to the bottom of the preserved portion of the front guard; the lower torso was smoothed to the guard and the body tapers to a thin oval attachment point (no legs are articulated). The body of the charioteer is a simple cylinder and both arms extend to grasp the reins (only the left is fully preserved). The face is long with a large applied nose, pellet ears, and a prominent pointed chin representing a beard. The eyes are not modeled and were likely originally painted. The charioteer wears a conical helmet with a rounded brim that rises to a bent-back, pointed top. A second passenger, who also has a simple cylindrical torso and both arms broken, was attached to the rear right floor. From the break patterns of the arms, it is possible that this warrior served as the shield bearer. The face is long with an applied nose (now missing), pellet ears (only left ear preserved), and a prominent, jutting chin representing a beard. The eyes are not modeled but were likely originally painted. The figure wears a pointed helmet similar to the charioteer’s, but not as well-preserved. Two long locks of hair descend from beneath the back rim of the pointed helmet and fall along each shoulder. A broken attachment for a third passenger is preserved at the left rear of the chariot. While there are visible fingerprints passim, they are not visible on the 3D model. No evidence of added paint. Exterior is very pale brown (10YR 8/3); interior is orange (2.5YR 5/8) with light brown core (7.5 YR 6/4). |
| Commentary | AAP-AM-1218+1459+2007 is a locally produced, handmade chariot model. Like most CA votive chariot models, this example represents a war chariot with armed riders, a common dedication to male deities (see entry for AAP-AM-589+1193). Unlike AAP-AM-589+1193, this chariot has a rounded front guard and features a single charioteer with two passengers at the rear. This example displays general similarities to other handmade chariot models, but the form of the Malloura chariot with a pedestaled, cylindrical base and attached wheels is especially close to examples from Ayia Irini and one said to be from Amathous (Karageorghis 1995: 109, cat. no. 9, pl. LXII; Karageorghis et al. 2018: 50, cat. no. 80). Charioteers with similar conical helmets with bent-back tops are paralleled on examples from Ayia Irini and Meniko-Litharkes (e.g. Karageorghis 1995: 108–10, cat. nos. 4–6, 10, pls. LVIII–LX, LX, LXIII; see also Karageorghis 1993: 87; Törnkvist 1972: 22–25 for helmet style likely made from leather or soft material). The presence of three individuals (a driver, a warrior, and a shield bearer) is common in Cypriot chariot models (see, e.g., Karageorghis 1995: 110, pl. LXIII: 1; for discussion, see Törnkvist 1972: 43–44). The above examples all date to the CA, and most to the CA II, providing comparanda for the dating of the Malloura chariot model. |
| Bibliography | Averett 2011: 136, fig. 10.3; Garstki 2011: 735, fig. 2 |
| Sketchfab Media URL |
Alternate link to 3D Model: https://sketchfab.com/3d-models/aap-am-121814592007-fc9a035acaa741aca5da1e082985188a
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| Descriptive Attribute | Value(s) |
|---|---|
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Consists of
Vocabulary: CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CRM) |
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Has type
Vocabulary: CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CRM) |
sculpture (visual works)
Vocabulary: Getty Art and Architecture Thesaurus Open Context References: sculpture (visual works) |
Suggested Citation
Derek Counts, Erin Averett, Kevin Garstki. (2020) "AAP-AM-1218+1459+2007 from Europe/Cyprus/Athienou-Malloura". In Visualizing Votive Practice: Exploring Limestone and Terracotta Sculpture from Athienou-Malloura through 3D Models. Derek B. Counts, Erin Walcek Averett, Kevin Garstki, Michael Toumazou (Ed). Released: 2020-07-28. Open Context. <https://opencontext.org/subjects/0f88a9bb-de9c-4572-a66f-0745b5f753b8> ARK (Archive): https://n2t.net/ark:/28722/k2wq0bc5d
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